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Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) occurs when the heart suddenly stops beating, leading to a loss of circulation and consciousness, with no blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Without immediate life support measures, SCA can result in rapid death.

Understanding
Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Understanding the various causes of SCA is crucial. The condition results in a terminal heart rhythm called ventricular fibrillation, where the heart cannot pump efficiently due to chaotic electrical activity. Symptoms of SCA are immediate and severe, including:

- Sudden collapse - No pulse

- No breathing - Loss of consciousness

Importance of Immediate Response

When treated quickly with CPR and defibrillation using an automated external defibrillator (AED), normal heart rhythm can often be restored. This knowledge empowers us to prepare for cardiac arrest and potentially save a life during those critical first few minutes. Remember, every minute counts!

Studies have shown that the best chance of saving a life is within the first 4 minutes following a SCA. The survival rate for children ages 1 to 12 is ∿14%, and for those ages 13 to 18, it is ∿20%. Every passing minute reduces the chance of survival by 7-10%. Early and effective CPR has been demonstrated to double or triple the chances of survival from SCA.

References:

1. CARES 2016 data.

2. Larsen, M., Eisenberg, M., Cummins, R., & Hallstrom, A. (1993). Predicting survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A graphic model. *Annals of Emergency Medicine*, 22(11), 1652-1658.